Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
4th International 33rd National Biophysics Congress 2022 , Adıyaman, Türkiye, 31 Temmuz - 03 Eylül 2022
In the
current century, the increases in the consumption of prepared foodstuffs
particularly containing high carbohydrates together with a sedentary lifestyle
trigger off the induction of obesity and/or metabolic syndrome (MetS)
characterized by insulin resistance in humans worldwide. The MetS prevalence is
increasing rapidly in Turkey too, and this is currently accepted as a serious
health problem. In addition, the average lifetime is significantly prolonged
among humans worldwide and the prevalence of systemic insulin resistance
parallel to several organ dysfunctions (as about 50% among aged populations) is
remarkable as clinical. Cardiovascular diseases are the first cause of
mortality among elderly populations (about 40%). Therefore, understanding the
underlying mechanisms of insulin resistance-associated pathological conditions
are very important for healthy elderly lives. Some experimental and clinical
studies pointed out the impact of organ-dependent insulin resistance including
heart and vascular system besides systemic insulin resistance on the
development of elderly heart insufficiency and/or dysfunction. In insulin
resistance-induced experimental animals, there were significantly prolonged
QT-intervals in surface ECGs, and the voltage-dependent K+-channel
currents were depressed significantly in freshly isolated left ventricular
cardiomyocytes, while there were significantly prolonged action potential
duration and increased the voltage-dependent Na+-channel currents.
Furthermore, the Na+/K+-pump currents and the Na+/Ca2+-exchanger
currents as well as intracellular levels of Ca2+ ve Na+ were
increased significantly. Parallel to these changes, there were marked increases
in the production of reactive oxygen species and decreases in ATP levels
together with depolarization in mitochondrial membrane potential in the
isolated cells. Moreover, all these changes could be able to reverse with
insulin application. Overall, these experimental data provide strong evidence
of the role of cellular insulin resistance in the development of cardiovascular
diseases behind systemic insulin resistance.