A comparative summary on antioxidant-like actions of timolol with other antioxidants in diabetic cardiomyopathy


TURAN B.

Current Drug Delivery, cilt.13, sa.3, ss.418-423, 2016 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Derleme
  • Cilt numarası: 13 Sayı: 3
  • Basım Tarihi: 2016
  • Doi Numarası: 10.2174/1567201813666151123103354
  • Dergi Adı: Current Drug Delivery
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.418-423
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Antioxidants, Beta-adrenoceptors, calcium-homeostasis, cardiac ryanodine receptors, confocal microscopy, diabetes, heart-function, oxidative stress, BETA-ADRENERGIC-RECEPTORS, OXIDATIVE STRESS, HEART-FAILURE, CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION, RYANODINE RECEPTOR, HYPERGLYCEMIA, BLOCKERS, RELEASE, PROTEIN, BETA-2-ADRENOCEPTORS
  • Lokman Hekim Üniversitesi Adresli: Hayır

Özet

© 2016 Bentham Science Publishers.Cellular signaling associated with cardiac β-adrenergic receptors (β-AR) is composed of coupled mechanism among β1-/β2-AR and Gs proteins with contribution of constitutive β3-AR coupling to Gi proteins. However, down-regulation of β-ARs in the heart under pathological conditions is mediated with a signaling G proteins-included mechanism. Additionally, there are serious conflicting data on this field in literature yet. Although some of these conflictions are generally related with either experimental protocols for different approaches or different animal models. To treat cardiovascular disorders, generally, various types of β-blockers are used while their action mechanisms are not fully known yet. Furthermore, although β-blockers are generally used to block the activated β-ARs, they can be used to scavenge free radicals under oxidative stress. Studies, in whole-system, organ or cellular levels, showed that some β-blockers, including timolol, have protective-actions against increased oxidative stress in diseased heart via ROSscavenging. Additionally, it has been mentioned that some β-blockers nicely prevented the development of heart failure in both experimental and clinical studies by restoring sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release channels, RyR2. Since diabetic cardiomyopathy is recognized due to its diminished responsiveness to β1-AR agonist stimulation in the heart with an up-regulation of β3-AR, inducing a strong negative inotropic effect on left ventricular function, it has been shown that treatment of streptozotocin-diabetic rats with timolol provided a marked cardio-protection. Importantly, it has been also documented that timolol treatment-dependent cardio-protection in diabetic rats includes basically prevention of RyR2- hyperphosphorylation, which, in turn, block Ca2+-leakage from SR via scavenging oxidative agents to control redox-state of cardiomyocytes. This action of timolol in diabetic heart is very similar to other known antioxidants, such as N-acetylcysteine or selenium compounds. In this review article, antioxidant-like action of timolol in diabetic cardiomyopathy was summarized in way of comparison with the benefits obtained with other antioxidants in the similar animal model.