Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi (Online), cilt.30, sa.4, ss.169-179, 2025 (TRDizin)
Resting-state EEG oscillations provide insights into neurophysiological adaptations associated with physical activity and sport specialization. This study examined spectral power density (PSD), peak alpha frequency (PAF), and phase slope index (PSI) differences among sedentary individuals, individual sport athletes, and team sport athletes under eyes-open (EO) and eyesclosed (EC) conditions. EEG data were collected from Fp1, Fp2, T7, T8, O1, O2, and Pz locations, focusing on theta, alpha, and beta frequency bands. Results indicated no significant differences in PAF across groups (p> .05). However, PSD analyses revealed group-specific modulations: individual athletes exhibited elevated theta power at temporal (p= .002; η²= .2988) and parietal (p= .0024; η²= .3244) sites compared to sedentary, while team athletes showed reduced theta power at frontal (p= .028; η²= .1834) and occipital (p= .019; η²= .1978) regions. Alpha power was higher in sedentary participants at temporal and parietal sites during EC (p< .01; η²= .3753-η²= .2219), whereas team athletes demonstrated increased frontal and occipital alpha power during EO (p< .05; η²= .1935). Beta power was consistently lower in athlete groups relative to sedentary across frontal, occipital, and parietal areas (p< .001). PSI analysis revealed altered directed connectivity patterns, with beta-band frontooccipital connections differentiating sedentary from team athletes (p= .038; η²= 0.18) and alpha-band connectivity distinguishing all groups during EC (p< .05; η²= 0.22-0.34). These findings suggest sport-specific neuroplasticity characterized by altered oscillatory power and functional connectivity in resting-state brain networks. Future research should explore longitudinal designs to elucidate the causal mechanisms underlying these sport-related neural adaptations and their behavioral correlates.